ADJECTIVE

The adjective is a modifier that has grammatical property of comparison. It is often identified by specially derivational endings or by special adverbial modifier that proceed it. It most usual position is before the noun it modifies, but it fills other position as well.

Types of Adjectives
Determiners
Determiners consist of a small group of structure words characteristic form.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>1. <!–[endif]–>Articles-the a-an.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>2. <!–[endif]–>Demonstrative adjectives-this, plural these
That, plural those
<!–[if !supportLists]–>3. <!–[endif]–>Possessive adjective-my, your, one’s, et.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>4. <!–[endif]–>Numeral adjectives
Cardinal-four, twenty-five, one hundred, etc.
Ordinal-fourth, twenty-fifth, one hundredth, etc.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>5. <!–[endif]–>Adjectives of indefinite quantity-some, few, all, more, etc.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>6. <!–[endif]–>Relative and interrogative adjectives-whose, what, which.
Descriptive adjectives
Some descriptive adjectives take the form of:
<!–[if !supportLists]–>1. <!–[endif]–>Proper adjectives-a Catholic church, a French dish.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>2. <!–[endif]–>Participial adjectives
<!–[if !supportLists]–>a. <!–[endif]–>Present participle-an interesting book, a disappointing experience, a charming view, a trifling gift
<!–[if !supportLists]–>b. <!–[endif]–>Past participle-a bored student, a worn tablecloth, a spoiled child
<!–[if !supportLists]–>3. <!–[endif]–>Adjective compounds
<!–[if !supportLists]–>a. <!–[endif]–>With participles
<!–[if !supportLists]–>Ø <!–[endif]–>Present participle-a good-looking girl, a heart-breaking story, a spanish-speaking student, a long suffering widow
<!–[if !supportLists]–>Ø <!–[endif]–>Past participle-a turned-up nose, a broken-down house, new-born kittens, ready-made clothes

<!–[if !supportLists]–>b. <!–[endif]–>With-ed added to noun functioning as the second element of a compound. The first is usually a short adjective-absent, minded, ill-tempered, tear-stained, far-sighted.

Function Of Adjectives
<!–[if !supportLists]–>1. <!–[endif]–>As noun
None but the brave deserves the fair
<!–[if !supportLists]–>2. <!–[endif]–>As adverb
<!–[if !supportLists]–>a. <!–[endif]–>Verbs
Hold tight, break loose, make uneasy
<!–[if !supportLists]–>b. <!–[endif]–>Adverbs
Better off, far ahead, close by, straigth ahead
<!–[if !supportLists]–>c. <!–[endif]–>Other adjectives
Boiling hot, dead drunk, stark naked, dark red
<!–[if !supportLists]–>d. <!–[endif]–>Prepositional phrases
Deep in her heart, early in the year, long before noon.

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Add a comment 8am1000000amTue, 08 Jan 2008 10:39:27 +000039 8, 2008

NOUN CLAUSE

A noun clause is an entire clause which takes the place of a noun in another clause and acts as the subject, object, or complement of a sentence.

FORM OF NOUN CLAUSES
<!–[if !supportLists]–>A. <!–[endif]–>That – Clause
That can be used in noun clauses derived from statements. We can classify statements into direct and reporting (indirect) statements. The used of verb in the sentence depends on the statement we make, but most verbs in reporting statements are past.
Example:
<!–[if !supportLists]–>1. <!–[endif]–>That she is clever is obvious.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>2. <!–[endif]–>I believe that he is innocent.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>3. <!–[endif]–>It proves that you were a friend of his.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>B. <!–[endif]–>Wh – Word Clause
A Wh – word clause is a dependent noun clause in which the subordinator is a Wh _ word such as what, where, who, whom, which, how much, how long, why, etc.
Example:
<!–[if !supportLists]–>1. <!–[endif]–>I don’t know who started the band.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>2. <!–[endif]–>I cant remember how often the group performs during the year.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>3. <!–[endif]–>Can you tell us which vocalists have sung with the group.

<!–[if !supportLists]–>C. <!–[endif]–>If/ Whether Clauses
Noun clauses that start with if or whether are used to answer yes / no type question. They are usually interchangeable.
Example:
<!–[if !supportLists]–>1. <!–[endif]–>We want to know if Dr. Chen practices acupunture.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>2. <!–[endif]–>Doctors wonder whether acupunture is an effective treatment for arthritis.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>3. <!–[endif]–>Doctors wonder whether acupunture is an effective treatment for arthritis or not.

To change a yes / no question into and if / whether clause, we should:
<!–[if !supportLists]–>a. <!–[endif]–>Change the word order to SV statement word order if necessary.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>b. <!–[endif]–>Delete do, does, did.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>c. <!–[endif]–>Add the subordinator if or whether. Whether is more formal than if.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>d. <!–[endif]–>(optional) add or not at the end of a clause or immediately after the subordinator whether.
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Add a comment 8am1000000amTue, 08 Jan 2008 10:15:59 +000015 8, 2008

PRONOUN

What is pronoun?
A pronoun can replace a noun or another pronoun. You use pronoun like “he”, “which”, “none”, and “you” to make your sentences less cumbersome and less repetitive. The following words in the following examples are all pronouns:
<!–[if !supportLists]–>1. <!–[endif]–>She will visit us tonight.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>2. <!–[endif]–>That is my house.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>3. <!–[endif]–>Some say that writing is difficult.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>4. <!–[endif]–>The woman who is a black jacket is a new student of English.

TYPES OF PRONOUNS
<!–[if !supportLists]–>1. <!–[endif]–>Personal Pronouns
A personal pronoun refers to a specific person or thing and change its form to indicate person, number, gender, and case.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>A. <!–[endif]–>Subjective Personal Pronouns
A subjective personal pronoun indicates that the pronoun is acting as the subject of the sentence. The subjective personal pronouns are I, you, she, he, it, we, they.
Example:
<!–[if !supportLists]–>a. <!–[endif]–>It is on the counter.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>b. <!–[endif]–>After many years, they returned to their homeland.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>c. <!–[endif]–>He stole the selkie’s skin and forced her to live with him.

<!–[if !supportLists]–>B. <!–[endif]–>Objective Personal Pronouns
An objective personal pronoun indicates that the pronoun is acting as an object of a verb, compound verb, preposition, or infinitive phrase. The objective personal pronouns are: me, you, her, him, it, us, you, and them.
Example:
<!–[if !supportLists]–>a. <!–[endif]–>Give the list to me.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>b. <!–[endif]–>I’m not sure that my contact will talk to you.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>c. <!–[endif]–>Christopher was surprised to see her at the drag races.

<!–[if !supportLists]–>C. <!–[endif]–>Possessive Personal Pronouns
A possessive pronoun indicates that the pronoun is acting as a marker of possession and defines who owns a particular object or person. The possessive personal pronouns are mine, yours, hers, his. Its, ours, and theirs. Note that possessive personal pronouns are very similar to possessive adjectives like my, her, and their.
Example:
<!–[if !supportLists]–>a. <!–[endif]–>The smallest gift is mine.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>b. <!–[endif]–>His is on the kitchen counter.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>c. <!–[endif]–>Theirs will be delivered tomorrow.

<!–[if !supportLists]–>D. <!–[endif]–>Reflexive And Emphatic Pronouns
You can use a reflexive pronoun to refer back to the subject of the clause or sentence. The reflexive pronouns are myself, yourself, herself, himself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, and themselves.
Example:
<!–[if !supportLists]–>a. <!–[endif]–>I myself believe that aliens should abduct my sister.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>b. <!–[endif]–>The prime minister himself said that he would lower taxes.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>c. <!–[endif]–>They themselves promised to come to the party even though they had a final exam at the same time.

<!–[if !supportLists]–>2. <!–[endif]–>Demonstrative Pronouns
A demonstrative pronoun points to and identifies a noun or a pronoun. “This” and “these” refer to things that are nearby either in space or in time. While “that” and “those” refer to things that are farther away in space or time.
The demonstrative pronouns are this, that, these, those. “this” and “that” are used to refer to singular nouns or noun phrases and “these” and “those” are used to refer to plural nouns and noun phrases. Note that the demonstrative pronouns are identical to demonstrative adjective, though, obviously, you use them differently. It is also important to note that “that” can also be used as a relative pronoun.
Example:
<!–[if !supportLists]–>a. <!–[endif]–>This must not continue.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>b. <!–[endif]–>Three customers wanted these.

<!–[if !supportLists]–>3. <!–[endif]–>Indefinite Pronouns
An indefinite pronoun is a pronoun referring to an identifiable but not specified person or thing. An indefinite pronoun conveys the idea of all, any, none, or some.
The most common indefinite pronouns are all, another, any, anybody, anyone, anything, each, everybody, everyone, everything, few, many, nobody, none, one, several, some, somebody, and someone.
Example:
<!–[if !supportLists]–>a. <!–[endif]–>Many were invited to the lunch but only twelve showed up.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>b. <!–[endif]–>The office had been searched and everything was thrown into the flower.
<!–[if !supportLists]–>4. <!–[endif]–>Interrogative Pronouns
An interrogative pronoun is used to ask question. The interrogative pronouns are who, whom, which, what, and the compounds formed with the suffix “ever” (whoever, whomever, whichever, and whatever).Note the either “which” or “what” can also be used as an interrogative adjective, and that “who”, “whom”, or “which”, can also be used as a relative pronoun.
Example:
<!–[if !supportLists]–>a. <!–[endif]–>To whom do you wish to speak?
<!–[if !supportLists]–>b. <!–[endif]–>Who will meet the delegates at the train station?
What did she say?

<!–[if !supportLists]–>5. <!–[endif]–>Relative Pronouns
We can use a relative pronoun to link one clause to another clause. The relative pronouns are who, whom, that, and which. The compounds “whoever”, whomever”, and “whichever” are also relative pronouns.
We can use the relative pronouns “who” and “whoever” to refer to the subject of a clause or sentence, and “whom” and “whomever” to refer to the objects of a verb, a verbal or a preposition. In each of the following sentences.
Example:
You may invite whomever you like the party.
The candidate who wins the greatest popular vote is not always elected.
Whoever broke the window will have to replace it.

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Add a comment 8am1000000amTue, 08 Jan 2008 10:13:53 +000013 8, 2008

THE BIOGRAPHY OF MOHAMMED SUHARTO

Mohammed suharto, second president of indonesia ( 1968 – 1998 ) , who oversaw the country’s unprecedented economic growth and emergence as a regional power, suharto has born on jun 8 1921 in kemusu, a village near the city of yogyakarta in central java. his parents were poor farmers in kemusu. suharto had unsettled chilhood. his parents marriage broke up before he was two years old, and then his parents remarried and by relative in other village and town around yogyakarta. suharto attended local javanese school , worked for a short time in a village bank, and joined the dutch colonial army in 1940.
By 1942 suharto had been promoted to surgeant. that year, japan invaded indonesia during world war 2. suharto joined a japanese wamil and received military training. after japan surrendered and indonesia declared it is independence in august 1945, in march 1949 troops under suharto’s command attacked the dutch in yogyakarta and recaptured the city. in 1957 he took command of the central javanese army, suharto became a brigadier in 1962 he headed a military operation to recover west irian.
Mid -1960’s both the military and the indonesian communist party ( pki ) as a rabbel which happen on september 30 1960’s attemped to scize control of the government in jakarta, indonesia capital, and in 1965 suharto to got success. this year also army units and moslem groups began to massacre communist. and then in 1968 he was elected became a president, and was relected to successive five-year.
The periode of government president suharto, indonesia prosperity experience. with internal political stability large in 1980’s suharto set out to expand indonesia’s role in internatinal politics, economic development was another major focus of suharto presidency. under his role indonesia experience, economic growth beginning in the early 1970’s. economic success result from substantial foreign investment and from economic diversification. suharto government developed road and irrigation system and implemented food production programs.
In march 1998 suharto was elected to a sevent term. his cabinet appointment mostly loyalists unlikely to challenge his authority. opposition to suharto’s role spread to many political and community leader who has previously supported him. on may 21 suharto bowed before this pressure and resigned. in 1999 president B. J. Habibi was elected became a president asreplacement of suharto and eventually B. J. Habibi success him as a president.

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Add a comment 8am1000000amTue, 08 Jan 2008 09:16:42 +000016 8, 2008